The Circuit Testing section contains the following diagnostic testing information. Using this information along with the diagnostic procedures will identify the cause of the electrical malfunction.

• Using Connector Test Adapters
• Probing Electrical Circuits
• Troubleshooting with a Digital Multimeter
• Troubleshooting with a Test Lamp
• Using Fused Jumper Wires
• Measuring Voltage
• Measuring Voltage Drop
• Measuring Frequency
• Testing Ground and Low Reference Circuits
• Testing for Continuity
• Testing for Short to Ground
• Testing for a Short to Voltage
• Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
• Inducing Intermittent Fault Conditions
• Testing for Electrical Intermittents
• Scan Tool Snapshot Procedure
• Circuit Protection - Fuses
• Circuit Protection - Circuit Breakers
• Circuit Protection - Fusible Links